AKUEB Solved MCQs, CRQs & ERQs (Grade 10th)

Chapter # 6 Economic Development – Solved Past Papers CRQs

Question

Economic disparity is one of the main problems that hinder national cohesion and integration.

Describe any FOUR of the following reasons behind economic disparity in Pakistan.

Labor market outcomes

Taxation

Education

Globalization

Gender discrimination

Development

Ethnic discrimination

Inadequate mobilization and poor allocation of resources

Answer

Economic disparity in Pakistan is influenced by several factors:

I. Labor Market Outcomes: Unequal job opportunities and wage disparities across different sectors and regions lead to income inequality.

II. Taxation: Inequitable tax systems can worsen economic disparity, as wealthier individuals or businesses may benefit from tax breaks, while lower-income groups bear a heavier tax burden.

III. Education: Disparities in access to quality education result in unequal job prospects and earnings, perpetuating economic inequality.

IV. Inadequate Resource Allocation: Poor mobilization and allocation of resources can limit development in underprivileged areas, widening the gap between wealthy and poorer regions.

OR

Economic disparity in Pakistan is influenced by the following factors:

I. Globalization: Globalization can lead to economic disparity by benefiting urban and industrial areas more than rural regions, creating uneven economic development.

II. Gender Discrimination: Women often face lower wages and fewer job opportunities compared to men, contributing to economic inequality.

III. Development: Uneven development across regions results in disparities, with some areas experiencing rapid growth while others lag behind.

IV. Ethnic Discrimination: Discrimination based on ethnicity can limit access to resources and opportunities for certain groups, exacerbating economic inequality.

Question

Discuss how the environment is damaged by industrial pollution.

Answer

Industrial pollution damages the environment in several ways:

I. Soil Contamination: Industrial waste and chemicals can seep into the soil, leading to pollution that degrades soil quality and harms plants and crops.

II. Air Pollution: Emissions from factories release harmful gases and particulates into the air, contributing to smog, acid rain, and respiratory problems in humans.

III. Water Pollution: Industrial discharges often contaminate rivers and lakes with pollutants, affecting aquatic life and making water unsafe for drinking and recreation.

IV. Threat to Marine Life: Chemicals and waste dumped into oceans can harm marine animals, disrupt ecosystems, and lead to the decline of fish and other sea creatures

Question

Give any TWO benefits of trade for economic development of a country.

Two benefits of trade for a country’s economic development are:

I. Increased Foreign Exchange Reserves: Trade helps a country earn foreign exchange by exporting goods and services, which can be used to finance imports and stabilize the economy.

II. Resource Utilization: Trade allows countries to specialize in producing goods they are most efficient at, leading to better use of resources, increased productivity, and economic growth.

Question

Define ‘trade’ and ‘commerce’.

Answer

• Trade: Trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between individuals or countries. It involves buying, selling, or exchanging products to satisfy needs and wants.

• Commerce: Commerce encompasses all activities related to the buying and selling of goods and services. It includes trade, but also involves transportation, banking, insurance, and advertising to facilitate the exchange process.

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Question

Discuss any THREE factors that should be considered before setting up a factory.

Answer

I. Location: The factory should be located near raw materials, labor, and markets to reduce transportation costs and ensure easy access to essential resources. Proximity to suppliers and customers is crucial for operational efficiency.

II. Cost of Investment: Evaluate the initial investment required for setting up the factory, including costs for land, construction, machinery, and technology. Ensure that the financial resources are available, and that the investment aligns with expected returns.

III. Regulatory Compliance: Ensure that the factory adheres to local regulations and standards related to environmental protection, safety, and labor laws. Obtain the necessary permits and licenses to avoid legal issues and ensure smooth operations.

OR

I. Location: Choose a site close to raw materials, labor, and markets to cut transportation costs and boost efficiency.

II. Cost of Investment: Assess initial costs for land, construction, machinery, and technology, and ensure financial resources align with expected returns.

III. Regulatory Compliance: Adhere to local regulations on environmental protection, safety, and labor laws, and secure necessary permits to avoid legal issues.

Question

Comment on child labour in Pakistan due to poor economic conditions and large family size.

Answer

Child labor is a major problem in Pakistan, often due to poor economic conditions and large family sizes, especially in low-income families. Families may need their children to work to help with finances. Large families mean more children might have to work. Limited access to good education and services also forces children into work at a young age. To tackle this issue, it’s essential to improve economic opportunities, increase access to education, and enforce stricter regulations to protect children’s rights.

Question

Define the term ‘balance of trade’.

Answer

Balance of Trade: The balance of trade is the difference between the value of a country’s exports and imports of goods over a specific period. A positive balance (trade surplus) occurs when exports exceed imports, while a negative balance (trade deficit) happens when imports surpass exports.