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What was the main demand of Hindus in the Hindi–Urdu controversy?
Answer: To replace Urdu with Hindi as the official language in Northern India.
How did the Hindi–Urdu controversy strengthen the Two Nation Theory?
Answer: It showed cultural and linguistic differences between Hindus and Muslims.
When was the Indian National Congress formed?
Answer: 1885.
When was the All India Muslim League formed?
Answer: 1906.
Who played an important role in the formation of the Muslim League?
Answer: Nawab Salimullah of Dhaka.
Why did Muslims feel the need for a separate political party?
Answer: Because the Congress mostly worked for Hindu interests.
Discuss the beginning of Mughal rule in India.
Mughal rule began in 1526 when Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat.
Babar laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire.
The empire expanded under Akbar and became strong.
Explain the main reasons for the downfall of the Mughal Empire.
After Aurangzeb’s death, weak rulers came to power.
Nobles and governors became selfish.
Foreign invasions weakened the empire.
Corruption and loss of discipline in the army.
Describe the contributions of the first five Mughal rulers.
Babar: Founded Mughal Empire.
Humayun: Expanded empire but lost it temporarily.
Akbar: Strong administrator, expanded empire, religious tolerance.
Jahangir: Loved art and justice.
Shah Jahan: Built the Taj Mahal and other monuments.
Discuss the reasons for the arrival of the British in the Subcontinent.
British came for trade through East India Company.
They wanted Indian raw materials like cotton, spices, and silk.
They wanted to sell their own manufactured goods.
Slowly, they took political control.
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