PAK-STUDIES NOTES-GRADE 9th

Chapter # 2 – Historical Background (1857-1935)

2.1.2 Discuss the Reasons for the Establishment of All India Muslim League in 1906 i.e. Bengal Partition 1905, Simla Deputation 1906, and Politics of Indian National Congress

The establishment of the All-India Muslim League in 1906 was influenced by several key factors, including the Bengal Partition of 1905, the Simla Deputation of 1906, and the politics of the Indian National Congress (INC).

Bengal Partition of 1905

The partition of Bengal by the British government in 1905 acted as a significant driving force behind the establishment of the All-India Muslim League. This move was widely seen as a strategic maneuver by the British to exploit religious divide and maintain their rule by creating discord between Hindus and Muslims. As a result, Muslims in Bengal, feeling marginalized by the dominant Hindu community, became increasingly aware of their unique identity and began to voice their demand for separate representation.

Simla Deputation

The Simla Deputation in 1906 marked a pivotal moment in the push for separate electorates for Muslims in India. Aga Khan III and a delegation of prominent Muslim leaders convened with Viceroy Lord Minto to voice their concerns and requests. They passionately argued for the necessity of separate electorates to protect the unique political rights and interests of the Muslim community, distinguishing themselves as a distinct and independent population from Hindus.

Politics of the Indian National Congress

The Indian National Congress’ support for Hindus during the protests the Bengal Partition was a key factor in the creation of the Muslim League. This support reinforced the perception of the Congress as a party representing Hindu interests, prompting Muslims to seek their own political platform. The Congress’s pro-Hindu stance during the Swadeshi Movement in the early 1900s further solidified this need for a separate political party to advocate for the rights and interests of Indian Muslims. As a result, the Muslim League was formed in 1906 to lead an organized struggle and provide a voice for Muslims in India.