Chapter # 3 – Understanding the Political System of Pakistan
3.1 Understanding Basic Terminologies
3.1.1 Define the term ‘State’ and Government
State
The term “State” in the context of government refers to a politically organized community that occupies a defined territory and has a government that exercises authority over the people within its borders. A state is usually sovereign, meaning that it has the power to make and enforce laws without the interference of any other external authority.
In simple words, State refers to a politically organized territory with a defined population, geographical boundaries, and a sovereign government.
The concept of a state involves four key elements:
- Territory: – A state has a defined geographical area within which it exercises its jurisdiction. The territory may include land, water, and airspace.
- Population: – A state has a permanent population that resides within its territory. The population may be diverse in terms of ethnicity, language, religion, and culture.
- Government: – A state has a system of government that exercises authority over the population. The government may be centralized or decentralized, democratic or authoritarian.
- Sovereignty: – A state is sovereign, meaning that it has the power to make and enforce laws without the interference of any other external authority. Sovereignty is a fundamental characteristic of a state and distinguishes it from other political entities.
Define Government
Government refers to the system or group of individuals responsible for the governance and administration of a state or a political entity.