Chapter # 4 – Introduction to Geography
4.1.2 Locate Equator, Prime Meridian, Longitudes, Latitudes on the Globe.
Equator
The equator is an imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is the widest part of the Earth and is located at 0 degrees latitude. The equator is also the starting point for measuring longitude.
Prime Meridian
The prime meridian is another imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole. It is located at 0 degrees longitude and is the starting point for measuring latitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich, England, which is why it is also known as the Greenwich Meridian.
Longitudes
Longitudes are lines of longitude that run parallel to the prime meridian. They are measured in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. The longitude of a place determines its east-west position on the globe.
Latitudes
Latitudes are lines of latitude that run parallel to the equator. They are measured in degrees north or south of the equator. The latitude of a place determines its north-south position on the globe.