PAKISTAN STUDIES NOTES-GRADE 10TH

Chapter # 9 – Society and Culture of Pakistan

9.1.4. Describe the Popular Religious and Cultural Festivals of Pakistan i.e. Eid-Ul-Fitr, Eid-Ulazha, Eid-E-Milad-Un-Nabi, Basant and Navroz.

1. Eid-ul-Fitr:

Date: Celebrated at the end of the holy month of Ramadan, on the 1st day of the Islamic month Shawal.

Significance: Marks the end of fasting and spiritual reflection during Ramadan.

Traditions:

• Muslims offer congregational prayers.
• People wear new clothes and prepare special dishes at home.
• Families, friends, and relatives visit each other, exchange gifts, and go on outings.
• Elders gift children with money (known as Eidi).

2. Eid-ul-Azha

Date: Observed after the Haj pilgrimage, on the 10th day of the Islamic month Zilhaj.

Purpose: Commemorates the willingness of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) to sacrifice his son, following God’s command.

Customs:

• Muslims offer congregational prayers.
• Halal animals are sacrificed, and the meat is distributed among the deserving.
• New clothes are worn, and various dishes are prepared.
• Families and friends exchange gifts and enjoy outings.

3. Eid Milad un Nabi (PBUH):

Date: Celebrated on the 12th day of Rabiul Awal.

Observance: Honors the birthday of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Activities:

• Mehfil-e-naat (gatherings with recitations of poetry in praise of the Prophet) are arranged at homes, schools, and mosques.
• Islamic scholars share insights into the life of the Prophet.
• Homes, mosques, and markets are adorned with lights.
• Special prayers are offered for Pakistan, the Muslim Ummah, and humanity.

4. Nowroz:

Date: Originally a Persian festival, celebrated on the 21st of March.

Significance: Marks the start of the new year according to the ancient calendar.

Celebrations:

• Communities across Pakistan participate with zeal and excitement.
• Music, traditional dances, and feasting are part of the festivities.
• New clothes are made, and families visit each other, exchanging gifts.
• Outings with friends and relatives are common.

5. Basant:

Date: Traditionally celebrated in spring.

Nature: Basant is a kite-flying festival.

Traditions:

• People fly colorful kites.
• The sky becomes a canvas of vibrant hues.
• Families gather on rooftops to enjoy the festivities.
• Basant symbolizes the arrival of spring and renewal.

These festivals reflect the rich cultural diversity and religious harmony in Pakistan, bringing people together in joyous celebrations.